Taxa Details

Scarus Forsskål, 1775

Richard L. Pyle Saturday, February 18, 2017 Tutuila Island [United States of America]

Robert K. Whitton Saturday, May 31, 2008 Fire Station [United States of America]

Robert K. Whitton Friday, November 2, 2001 Similan Islands []
Forsskål 1775 described Scarus on page 25 in the 1775 book, "Descriptiones animalium avium, amphibiorum, piscium, insectorum, vermium; quae in itinere orientali observavit Petrus Forskål. Post mortem auctoris edidit Carsten Niebuhr. Adjuncta est materia medica kahirina atque tabula maris Rubri geographica", originally placing the genus in the .

Other Authors using this species concept:

In Bryan, W. A. & Albert W. C. T. Herre. 1903 Book Section Annotated list of Marcus Island fishes 126-139 as Scarus
In Eschmeyer, William N. 2004 Electronic Source The Catalog of Fishes Online as Scarinae Scarus
In Curtiss, A. 1938 Book A short zoology of Tahiti in the Society islands i-xvi, 1-193 as Scarus
In Lacépède, Bernard G. É. de. 1802 Book Histoire naturelle des poissons i-xliv, 1-728, pls. 1-16 as Scarus
In Poey, F. 1858-1861 Book Memorias sobra la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba, acompañadas de sumarios Latinos y extractos en Francés 1-442, pls. 1-19 as Scarus
In Poey, F. 2000 Book Series Ictiologia Cubana i-xvi, 1-1023, i-xii, atlas, Pl. 1-572 as Scarus
In Jordan, David S. & J. Swain. 1884 Journal Article Descriptions of scaroid fishes from Havana and Key West, including five new species 81-102 as Scarus
In Bloch, Marcus E. 1789 Journal Article Charactere und Beschreibung des Geschelechts der Papageyfische, Callyodon 242-248, 3 pls. as Scarus
In Montrouzier, X. 1857 Journal Article Essai sur le faune de l’île de Woodlark ou Moiou. Ichthyologie 417-504 as Scarus
In Jordan, David S. & Barton W. Evermann. 1887 Journal Article Description of six new species of fishes from the Gulf of Mexico, with notes on other species 466-476 as Scarus
In Cuvier, Georges. 1829 Book Section Le Règne Animal distribué d’après son organisation, pour servir de base à l’histoire naturelle des animaux et d’introduction à l’anatomie comparée i-xviii, 1-532 as Scarus
In Hildebrand, S. F. 1946 Journal Article A descriptive catalog of the shore fishes of Peru i-xi, 1-530 as Scarus
In Cuvier, Georges & A. Valenciennes. 1840 Book Suite du livre seizième. Labroïdes. Livre dix-septième. Des malacoptérygiens i-xxii, [1-2], 1-464, [1-4], pls. 389-420 as Scarus
Page 490 In Fowler, Henry W. 1900 Journal Article Observations on fishes from the Caroline Islands 482-496, Pl. 17-18 as Scaridae Scarus
In Temminck, Coenraad J. & Hermann Schlegel. 1846 Book Pisces 173-269 as Scarus
In Bebars, M. I. 1978 Journal Article Scarus ghardaqensis, n. sp., a new parrotfish (Pisces, Scaridae) from the Red Sea, with a note on sexual dichromatism in the family 76-81 as Scarus
In Meek, S. E. & S. F. Hildebrand. 1928 Journal Article The marine fishes of Panama. Part III xxv-xxxi, 709-1045, Pl. 72-102 as Scarus
In Bleeker, Pieter. 1847 Journal Article Pharyngognathorum siluroideorumque species novae Javanenses 155-169 as Scarus
In Jordan, David S. & Barton W. Evermann. 1887 Journal Article Description of six new species of fishes from the Gulf of Mexico, with notes on other species 466-476 as Scarus
In Randall, John E. 2007 Book Reef and shore fishes of the Hawaiian Islands i-xiv,1-546 as Scaridae Scarus
In Herre, Albert W. C. T. 1933 Journal Article Twelve new Philippine fishes 17-25 as Scarus
In Swainson, William. 1839 Book The natural history and classification of fishes, amphibians, & reptiles, or monocardian animals i-vi, 1-448 as Scarus
In Fowler, Henry W. 1944 Journal Article Results of the fifth George Vanderbilt expedition (1941) (Bahamas, Caribbean Sea, Panama, Galápagos Archipelago and Mexican Pacific islands). The Fishes 57-529, pls. 1-20 as Scarus
In Zuiew, B. 1782 Journal Article Descriptio piscis non descripti, qui pertinet ad genus Scarorum Forskalii 229-232, Pl. 5 as Scarus
In Jenkins, O. P. 1901 Journal Article Descriptions of new species of fishes from the Hawaiian Islands belonging to the families of Labridae and Scaridae 45-65 as Scarus
In Moura, R. L. de, J. L. de Figueiredo & Ivan Sazima. 2001 Journal Article A new parrotfish (Scaridae) from Brazil, and revalidation of Sparisoma amplum (Ranzani, 1842), Sparisoma frondosum (Agassiz, 1831), Sparisom axillare (Steindachner, 1878) and Scarus trispinosus Valenciennes, 1840 505-524 as Scarus
In Eschmeyer, William N. 1998 Edited Volume Volume 3 1821-2905 as Scarinae Scarus
In Rüppell, Wilhem P. E. S. 1835-1838 Book Neue Wirbelthiere zu der Fauna von Abyssinien gehörig. Fische des Rothen Meeres 1-148, pls. 1-33 as Scarus
In Fowler, Henry W. 1904 Journal Article A collection of fishes from Sumatra 495-560, Pl. 7-28 as Scarus
In Bloch, Marcus E. 1790 Book D. Marcus Elieser Bloch’s, ausübenden Arztes zu Berlin; der Utrechter, Frankfurter, Göttinger, Harlemmer, Vlieffiager, Mainzischen, Böhmischen und Coppenhagner Gesellschaften der Wissenschaften; der Berliner, Römisch - Kaiserlichen, Danziger, Hallischen und Zürcher Naturforschenden Gesellschaften; der St. Petersburger, Leipziger, Baierschen und Zelüschen ökonomischen Gesellschaften; der Ackerbau-Gesellschaft, und des Mufée zu Paris, Mitglieds oder Correspondenten, Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische i-xii, 1-128, pls. 217-252 as Scarus
In Rüppell, Wilhem P. E. S. 1828-1830 Book Atlas zu der Reise im nördlichen Africa. Fische des Rothen Meeres 1-141, 1-3, pls. 1-35 (color) as Scarus
In Bloch, Marcus E. & J. G. Schneider. 1801 Book Systema ichthyologiae iconibus cx illustratum. Post obitum auctoris opus inchoatum absolvit, correxit, interpolavit Jo. Gottlob Schneider, Saxo i-lx, 1-584, pls. 1-110 as Scarus
In Cuvier, Georges & A. Valenciennes. 1840 Book Suite du livre seizième. Labroïdes. Livre dix-septième. Des malacoptérygiens i-xxii, [1-2], 1-464, [1-4], pls. 389-420 as Scarus
In Jenyns, L. 1840-1842 Book Section Fish as Scarus
In Shaw, George. 1803 Book General zoology or systematic natural history... Pisces i-v, i-xi, 1-632, pls. 1-92 as Scarus
In Seale, A. 1901 Journal Article Report of a mission to Guam. Part II -- Fishes 61-128 as Scarus
In Paradice, W. E. J. & Gilbert P. Whitley. 1927 Journal Article Northern Territory fishes 76-106, Pl. 11-15 as Scarus
In Forster, Joannes R. 1795 Book Zoologia Indica, sistens descriptiones animalium selectorum as Scarus
Page 25 In Forsskål, Peter. 1775 Book Descriptiones animalium avium, amphibiorum, piscium, insectorum, vermium; quae in itinere orientali observavit Petrus Forskål. Post mortem auctoris edidit Carsten Niebuhr. Adjuncta est materia medica kahirina atque tabula maris Rubri geographica 1-20, i-xxxiv, 1-164, map as Scarus
In Jordan, David S. & C. Rutter. 1897 Journal Article A collection of fishes made by Joseph Seed Roberts in Kingston, Jamaica 91-133 as Scarus
In Whitley, Gilbert P. 1933 Journal Article Studies in ichthyology. No. 7 60-112, Pl. 11-15 as Scarus
In Schultz, Leonard P. 1969 Journal Article The taxonomic status of the controversial genera and species of parrotfishes with a descriptive list (family Scaridae) 1-49, pls. 1-8 as Scarus
In Bleeker, Pieter. 1848 Journal Article A contribution to the knowledge of the ichthyological fauna of Sumbawa 632-639 as Scarus
In Bennett, Edward T. 1828 Journal Article Observations on the fishes contained in the collection of the Zoological Society. On some fishes from the Sandwich Islands 31-42 as Scarus
In Randall, John E. & Robin W. Bruce. 1983 Journal Article The parrotfishes of the subfamily Scarinae of the western Indian Ocean with descriptions of three new species 1-39, pls. 1-6 (color) as Scarus
In Kanazawa, R. H. 1952 Journal Article A new name for the Peruvian parrotfish, Scarus dubius Hildebrand preoccupied by S. dubius Bennett 203 as Scarus
In Jordan, Eric K. 1925 Journal Article Notes on the fishes of Hawaii, with descriptions of six new species 1-43, pls. 1-2 as Scarus
In Richardson, John. 1846 Journal Article Report on the ichthyology of the seas of China and Japan 187-320 as Scarus
In Heller, Edmund & R. E. Snodgrass. 1903 Journal Article Papers from the Hopkins Stanford Galapagos expedition, 1898-1899. XV. New fishes 189-229, Pl. 2-20 as Scarus
In Bean, T. H. 1891 Journal Article Notes on fishes collected at Cozumel, Yucatan, by the U.S. Fish Commission, with descriptions of new species 193-206, Pl. 28-29 as Scarus
In Walbaum, J. J. 1792 Book Petri artedi Sueci genera piscium. in quibus systema totum ichthyologiae proponitur cum classibus, ordinibus, generum characteribus, specierum differentiis, observationibus plurimis. Redactis speciebus 242 ad genera 52. Ichthyologiae 1-723, pls. 1-3 as Scarus
In Randall, John E. & John P. Hoover. 1995 Journal Article Scarus zufar, a new species of parrotfish from southern Oman, with comments on endemism of the area 683-688 as Scarus
In Jordan, David S. & Barton W. Evermann. 1903 Journal Article Descriptions of new genera and species of fishes from the Hawaiian Islands 161-208 as Scarus
In Schultz, Leonard P. 1958 Journal Article Review of the parrotfishes family Scaridae i-v, 1-143, pls. 1-27 as Scarus
In Choat, J. Howard & John E. Randall. 1986 Journal Article A review of the parrotfishes (family Scaridae) of the Great Barrier Reef of Australia with description of a new species 175-228, Pl. 1-11 as Scarus
In Bory de Saint-Vincent, Jean-Baptiste G. M. 1822-1831 Book Section [Pisces accounts] as Scarus
In Bennett, J. W. 1841 Book A selection from the most remarkable and interesting fishes found on the coast of Ceylon as Scarus
In Cuvier, Georges & A. Valenciennes. 1840 Book Suite du livre seizième. Labroïdes. Livre dix-septième. Des malacoptérygiens i-xxii, [1-2], 1-464, [1-4], pls. 389-420 as Scarus
In Randall, John E. & John L. Earle. 1993 Journal Article Scarus obishime, a new parrotfish (Perciformes: Scaridae) from the Ogasawara Islands 287-293 as Scarus
In Cuvier, Georges & A. Valenciennes. 1840 Book Suite du livre seizième. Labroïdes. Livre dix-septième. Des malacoptérygiens i-xxii, [1-2], 1-464, [1-4], pls. 389-420 as Scarus
In Jordan, David S., Barton W. Evermann & Shigeho Tanaka. 1927 Journal Article Notes on new or rare fishes from Hawaii 649-680, pls. 22-24 as Scarus
In Rüppell, Wilhem P. E. S. 1828-1830 Book Atlas zu der Reise im nördlichen Africa. Fische des Rothen Meeres 1-141, 1-3, pls. 1-35 (color) as Scarus
In Cuvier, Georges & A. Valenciennes. 1840 Book Suite du livre seizième. Labroïdes. Livre dix-septième. Des malacoptérygiens i-xxii, [1-2], 1-464, [1-4], pls. 389-420 as Scarus
In Jordan, David S. & Charles H. Gilbert. 1882 Journal Article Descriptions of thirty-three new species of fishes from Mazatlan, Mexico 338-365 as Scarus
In Günther, Albert C. L. G. 1862 Book Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum. Volume 4. Catalogue of the Acanthopterygii Pharyngognathi and Anacanthini in the collection of the British Museum i-xxi, 1-534 as Scarus
In Randall, John E. & J. Howard Choat. 1980 Journal Article Two new parrotfishes of the genus Scarus from the central and south Pacific, with further examples of sexual dichromatism 383-419, pls. 1-8 (color) as Scarus
In Randall, John E. & Robert F. Myers. 2000 Journal Article Scarus fuscocaudalis, a new species of parrotfish (Perciformes: Labroidei: Scaridae) from the western Pacific 221-228 as Scarus
In Steindachner, F. 1879 Journal Article Über einige neue und seltene Fischarten aus den zoologischen Museen zu Wien, Stuttgart und Warschau 29-34 as Scarus
In Bloch, Marcus E. & J. G. Schneider. 1801 Book Systema ichthyologiae iconibus cx illustratum. Post obitum auctoris opus inchoatum absolvit, correxit, interpolavit Jo. Gottlob Schneider, Saxo i-lx, 1-584, pls. 1-110 as Scarus
In Mundy, Bruce C. 2005 Book Checklist of the fishes of the Hawaiian Archipelago 1-704 as Scaridae Scarus
In Kosaki, Randall K., Robert K. Whitton, Richard L. Pyle & John L. Earle. In Prep. Manuscript Annotated Checklist of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands as Scaridae Scarus
Page 384 In Randall, John E., John L. Earle, Richard L. Pyle, James D. Parrish & Therese Hayes. 1993 Journal Article Annotated checklist of the fishes of Midway Atoll, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands 356-400 as Scaridae Scarus
Page 127 In Randall, John E., Robert F. Myers, Michael N. Trevor, Jeanette L. Johnson, Scott R. Johnson, Satoshi Yoshii & Brian D. Greene. 2005 Journal Article Ninety-one new records of fishes from the Marshall Islands 115-132 as Scaridae Scarus
Page 120,134 In Smith, R. & J. Swain. 1882 Journal Article Notes on a collection of fishes from Johnston’s Island, including descriptions of five new species 119-143 as Scarus
Page 211 In Hoover, John P. 2008 Book The Ultimate Guide to Hawaiian Reef Fishes: Sea Turtles, Dolphins, Whales, and Seals 388 as Scaridae Scarus
In Rüppell, Wilhem P. E. S. 1835-1838 Book Neue Wirbelthiere zu der Fauna von Abyssinien gehörig. Fische des Rothen Meeres 1-148, pls. 1-33 as Scarus
In Rüppell, Wilhem P. E. S. 1835-1838 Book Neue Wirbelthiere zu der Fauna von Abyssinien gehörig. Fische des Rothen Meeres 1-148, pls. 1-33 as Scarus
In Rüppell, Wilhem P. E. S. 1835-1838 Book Neue Wirbelthiere zu der Fauna von Abyssinien gehörig. Fische des Rothen Meeres 1-148, pls. 1-33 as Scarus
In Rüppell, Wilhem P. E. S. 1835-1838 Book Neue Wirbelthiere zu der Fauna von Abyssinien gehörig. Fische des Rothen Meeres 1-148, pls. 1-33 as Scarus
In Rüppell, Wilhem P. E. S. 1828-1830 Book Atlas zu der Reise im nördlichen Africa. Fische des Rothen Meeres 1-141, 1-3, pls. 1-35 (color) as Scarus
In Rüppell, Wilhem P. E. S. 1828-1830 Book Atlas zu der Reise im nördlichen Africa. Fische des Rothen Meeres 1-141, 1-3, pls. 1-35 (color) as Scarus
In Rüppell, Wilhem P. E. S. 1828-1830 Book Atlas zu der Reise im nördlichen Africa. Fische des Rothen Meeres 1-141, 1-3, pls. 1-35 (color) as Scarus
In Rüppell, Wilhem P. E. S. 1828-1830 Book Atlas zu der Reise im nördlichen Africa. Fische des Rothen Meeres 1-141, 1-3, pls. 1-35 (color) as Scarus
In Rüppell, Wilhem P. E. S. 1828-1830 Book Atlas zu der Reise im nördlichen Africa. Fische des Rothen Meeres 1-141, 1-3, pls. 1-35 (color) as Scarus
In Rüppell, Wilhem P. E. S. 1828-1830 Book Atlas zu der Reise im nördlichen Africa. Fische des Rothen Meeres 1-141, 1-3, pls. 1-35 (color) as Scarus
In Rüppell, Wilhem P. E. S. 1828-1830 Book Atlas zu der Reise im nördlichen Africa. Fische des Rothen Meeres 1-141, 1-3, pls. 1-35 (color) as Scarus
In Rüppell, Wilhem P. E. S. 1828-1830 Book Atlas zu der Reise im nördlichen Africa. Fische des Rothen Meeres 1-141, 1-3, pls. 1-35 (color) as Scarus
In Westneat, Mark W., Ukkrit Satapoomin & John E. Randall. 2007 Journal Article Scarus maculipinna, a new species of parrotfish (Perciformes, Scaridae) from the eastern Indian Ocean. 59-68, 3 plates as Scarus

Taxonomy

Kingdom	Animalia
Superphylum	Deuterostomia
Phylum	Chordata
Subphylum	Craniata
Superclass	Gnathostomata
Class	Actinopterygii
Order	Perciformes
Suborder	Labroidei
Family	Scaridae
Genus	Scarus

Locations

Evidence

8 VideoRecordings
11 Observations
2 Specimens
8-27m

Associated Organisms

Taxa	Identified As	Location	Evidence Type	Event Date	Observers/Collectors	Determiners	Min Depth	Max Depth
Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Similan Islands	Video Recording	11/03/2001	Robert K. Whitton	Robert K. Whitton	0m	0m
Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Fire Station	Video Recording	04/10/2005	Robert K. Whitton	Robert K. Whitton	11m	11m
Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Karange Island	Video Recording	11/09/2011	Robert K. Whitton	Robert K. Whitton	m	m
Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Karange Island	Video Recording	11/09/2011	Robert K. Whitton	Robert K. Whitton	m	m
Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Karange Island	Video Recording	11/09/2011	Robert K. Whitton	Robert K. Whitton	m	m
Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Karange Island	Video Recording	11/09/2011	Robert K. Whitton	Robert K. Whitton	m	m
Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Fire Station	Video Recording	05/31/2008	Robert K. Whitton		8m	8m
Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Laysan	Observation	12/31/1923		Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum.	m	m
Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Laysan	Observation	05/31/1923		Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum.	m	m
Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Scarus Forsskål, 1775	French Frigate Shoals	Observation	12/31/2008		NOAA Divers	m	m
Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Gardner Pinnacles	Observation	12/31/2008		NOAA Divers	m	m
Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Kure Atoll (Ocean Island)	Observation	12/31/2008		NOAA Divers	m	m
Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Laysan	Observation	12/31/2008		NOAA Divers	m	m
Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Lisianski	Observation	12/31/2008		NOAA Divers	m	m
Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Maro Reef	Observation	12/31/2008		NOAA Divers	m	m
Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Midway Atoll	Observation	12/31/2008		NOAA Divers	m	m
Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Necker (Mokumanamana) Island	Observation	12/31/2008		NOAA Divers	m	m
Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Pearl and Hermes Reef	Observation	12/31/2008		NOAA Divers	m	m
Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Scarus Forsskål, 1775	Tutuila Island	Video Recording	02/18/2017	Richard L. Pyle	Richard L. Pyle	27m	27m

Names linked to the original usage
Scarus Forsskål, 1775 Genus
Scarops Schultz, 1958 Genus
Mormyra Browne, 1789 Genus
Odax Commerson in Lacépède, 1801 Genus
Novacula Catesby, 1771 Genus
Callyodon Scopoli in Scopoli, 1777 Genus
Petronason Swainson, 1839 Genus
Scarops (Xenoscarops) Schultz, 1958 Subgenus
Xenoscarops Schultz, 1958 Genus
Hemistoma Swainson, 1839 Genus
Scarus (Hemistoma) Swainson, 1839 Subgenus
Loro Jordan & Evermann, 1896 Genus
Erychthys Swainson, 1839 Genus
Petronason (Erychthys) Swainson, 1839 Subgenus
Subgenus
Calliodon Bloch, Schneider & Schneider in Bloch & Schneider, 1801 Genus
Scarus (Calliodon) Bloch, Schneider & Schneider in Bloch & Schneider, 1801 Subgenus
Margaritodon Smith, 1956 Genus